APRENDIZAGEM MECÂNICA E APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DE QUÍMICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19123/Keywords:
meaningful learning, teaching, constructivism, tutorialsAbstract
This paper approaches the phenomena of teaching and learning by considering the three axes of this process, the trilogy Learning – Teaching – Evaluation. It approaches learning from a constructivist view, giving particular attention to Ausubel’s; Novak’s; Hanesian’s meaningful learning theory. It emphasizes that learning is done by the learner, and when teachers understand how differently students learn, they may help them to learn better. The paper also deals with the learning model as a process of conceptual change, through considering the adapted version of the model developed by Posner et al. In the results, the paper points out that for meaningful learning to occur, it is necessary to associate the new material with the learner’s relevant prior knowledge. Also, it focuses on how extra class assistance, in the form of tutorial sessions, may attenuate the lack of prior knowledge through clarification of concepts.
References
AUSUBEL, D.P; NOVAK,J.D & HANESIAN, H. Educational psychology: a cognitive view. 2ed. Holt, Rinehart & Winston (1978)
BRAATHEN, P.C. A case study of prior knowledge, learning approach and conceptual change in an introductory chemistry tutorial program. Tese de Doutorado, University of Wisconsin, 1987BRUNER, J. The process of education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1960.
FRIED, R.L. The passionate teacher. Boston: Beacon Press, 1995. COLLINS, M. Ordinary children, extraordinary teachers. Newbury Port: Hampton Roads Publishing, 1992. HEWSON, P. W. A conceptual change approach to Learning Science. European Journal of Science Education 3(4), p 383-396, 1981.
LEMOW, D. Teach like a champion. John Willey & Sons, 2010. NOVAK, J.D & GOWIN, D. B. Learning how to learn. Cambridge University Press, 1984.
ENTWILSTLE, N. J.; RAMSDEN, R. Understanding student learning. Worchester: Billings & Sons, Ltd., 1982.
PASK, G &SCOTT, B. Learning Strategies and individual competencies. International Journal of Man-machine studies 4 p 217-253, 1972. POSNER, G. J.; STRIKE, K.A; HEWSON, P.W & GERTZOG, W.A. Accommodation of a scientific conception: toward a theory of conceptual change. Science Education 66(2) p 211-222, 1982.
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