Oral and systemic health of geriatric people admitted to an ICU in the Federal District
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19123/REixo.v13n3.3Keywords:
intensive care units, geriatrics, geriatric dentistry, frail elderly, oral healthAbstract
This prospective descriptive study aimed to evaluate the oral and systemic health conditions of elderly individuals admitted to an ICU in a reference hospital in the Federal District. With a convenience sample of 90 elderly individuals, systemic data were collected from medical records, and the clinical evaluation of oral health was performed by a single examiner. Descriptive statistical analysis of the data was conducted using IBM SPSS, version 23, 2015, with a significance level of 5%. The mean age was 76.64 years, with a female predominance (51.11%). The main causes of hospitalization were pulmonary diseases (33.33%), postoperative care (27.77%), and infections (27.77%). The most common comorbidities were systemic arterial hypertension (78.88%) and diabetes mellitus (47.77%). Anticoagulants (86.66%) and antibiotics (78.88%) were the most prescribed medications. The need for assistance with oral hygiene was observed in 71.11% of the elderly individuals, with 64.44% following the hospital’s protocol; 42.22% used dental prostheses, of which 57.89% were inadequately cleaned. Tongue coating was found in 91.09%, and 80% of the patients presented dental biofilm, along with an average DMFT index of 22.15. The elderly in this ICU were mainly admitted for pulmonary diseases, associated with systemic arterial hypertension, and the use of anticoagulants and antibiotics. Oral health was characterized by edentulism and poor oral hygiene, with a high prevalence of tongue coating.
References
ABUHAJAR, E. et al. Management of chronic atrophic candidiasis (denture stomatitis) - a narrative review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Basel, v. 20, n. 4, p. 3029, 2023. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043029.
ALBERTON, E. et al. Conhecimento, percepções e práticas de uma equipe de enfermagem sobre saúde bucal em ambiente hospitalar: uma abordagem qualitativa. Revista Fluminense de Odontologia, Niterói, v. 2, n. 58, p. 146-158, 2022. DOI: 10.22409/ijosd.v2i58.53592.
ARKIA, M. et al. Oral status and affecting factors in Iranian ICU patients: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health, London, v. 23, n. 1, p. 154, 2023. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02867-6.
BORDIN, D. et al. Prevalência da polifarmácia associada a funcionalidade em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas. Revista Enfermagem Atual In Derme, Rio de Janeiro, v. 98, n. 3, p. e024347, 2024. DOI: 10.31011/reaid-2024-v.98-n.3-art.2013.
BRUNKER, L. B. et al. Elderly Patients and Management in Intensive Care Units (ICU): Clinical Challenges. Clinical Interventions in Aging, Auckland, v. 18, p. 93-112, 2023. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S365968.
CARBONERA, E. et al. Major functions and importance of dental surgeons in the hospital environment and intensive care units: a concise systematic review. MedNEXT Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, São Paulo, v. 5, n. S3, 2024. DOI: 10.54448/mdnt24S302.
CICCARELLI, P. A.; MATTOS, E. B. T. Nutrição enteral em idosos com demência em cuidados paliativos. Revista Bioética, Brasília, v. 29, n. 2, p. 427-436, abr. 2021. DOI: 10.1590/1983-80422021292480.
COSTA, L. S. G. et al. Morbidade hospitalar por hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus em idosos residentes da Região Nordeste. Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences, Macapá, v. 5, n. 4, p. 2341-2354, 2023. DOI: 10.36557/2674-8169.2023v5n4p2341-2354.
DEZINGRINI, K. D. S. et al. Prevalence of edentulism and associated factors in older adults: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Health Sciences, Londrina, v. 24, n. 4, p. 247-253, 2022. DOI: 10.17921/2447-8938.2022v24n4p247-253.
DYNKOSKI, M. A. et al. Internação de idosos por condições sensíveis à atenção primária no estado de Santa Catarina. Holos, Natal, v. 1, p. 1-13, 2022. DOI: 10.15628/holos.2022.7371.
GALHARDO, L. et al. Mouth Injuries in Hospitalized Patients of an Intensive Care Unit. Research, Society and Development, Vargem Grande Paulista, v. 9, n. 8, p. e629985945, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i8.5945.
GUIDET, B. et al. Caring for the critically ill patients over 80: a narrative review. Annals of Intensive Care, Heidelberg, v. 8, n. 1, p. 114, 2018. DOI: 10.1186/s13613-018-0458-7.
JANTO, M. et al. Oral Health among Elderly, Impact on Life Quality, Access of Elderly Patients to Oral Health Services and Methods to Improve Oral Health: A Narrative Review. Journal of Personalized Medicine, Basel, v. 12, n. 3, p. 372, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/jpm12030372.
JUN, M.-K. et al. Hospital Dentistry for Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of clinical medicine, Basel, v. 10, n. 16, p. 3681, 2021. DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163681.
KELLY, N. et al. Oral health care in adult intensive care units: A national point prevalence study. Nursing in Critical Care, London, v. 28, n. 5, p. 773-780, 2023. DOI:10.1111/nicc.12919.
KUMAR, S. et al. Assessment of Nursing Staff's Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Oral Hygiene Care in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study. Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine: Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine, Mumbai, v. 28, n. 1, p. 48-57, 2024. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24601.
MAEDA, K.; MORI, N. Poor oral health and mortality in geriatric patients admitted to an acute hospital: an observational study. BMC Geriatrics, London, v. 20, n. 1, p. 26 2020. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-1429-z.
MIRANDA, A. F.; ARRUDA, A. L. F. de; PERUZZO, D. C. Microbiological analysis of tongue dorsum coating in patients hospitalized in ICU. RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia, Campinas, v. 71, p. e20230015, 2023.
NAKAMURA, J. et al. Impact of polypharmacy on oral health status in elderly patients admitted to the recovery and rehabilitation ward. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, [Tokyo], v. 21, n. 1, p. 66-70, 2021. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14104.
ROSSETTO, C. et al. Causes of hospital admissions and deaths among Brazilian elders between 2005 and 2015. Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, Porto Alegre, v. 40, p. e20190201. 2019. DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2019.20190201.
SINGH, P. et al. Efficacy of Oral Care Protocols in the Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Mechanically Ventilated Patients. Cureus, Palo Alto, v. 14, n. 4, p. e23750, 2022. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23750.
SIRE, A. de et al. Sarcopenic Dysphagia, Malnutrition, and Oral Frailty in Elderly: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients, Basel, v. 14, n. 5, p. 982, 2022. DOI: 10.3390/nu14050982.
SZWARCWALD, C. L. et al. Socio-spatial inequalities in healthy life expectancy in the elderly, Brazil, 2013 and 2019. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, v. 38, supl. 1, p. e00124421, 2022. DOI: 10.1590/0102-311X00124421.
TAKAHAMA JUNIOR et al. Analysis of oral risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients. Clinical Oral Investigations, Berlin, v. 25, n. 3, p. 1217-1222, 2021. DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03426-x.
TANG, X. et al. Oral care for intensive care unit patients without mechanical ventilation: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, London, v. 11, n. 1, p. 5, 2022. DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01878-0.
TERECH-SKÓRA, S. et al. Assessment of Oral Health in Long-Term Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Patients: Significant Aspects of Nursing Care. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Basel, v. 20, n. 4, p. 3381, 2023. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043381.
VUCELIĆ, V. et al. Understanding and practices of oral hygiene in the intensive care units: perspectives of medical staff at two university hospital centers. Acta stomatologica Croatica, Zagreb, v. 58, n. 1, p. 85-93, 2024. DOI: 10.15644/asc58/1/8.
WINNING, L. et al. Oral health care for the critically ill: a narrative review. Critical Care (London, England), London, v. 25, n. 1, p. 353, 2021. DOI: 10.1186/s13054-021-03765-5.
Downloads
Published
Data Availability Statement
Data provided.
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Maria Fernanda de Souza Santana, Giovanna Louly Caixe El Haje, Alexandre Franco Miranda (Autor)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Nos seguintes termos:
- Atribuição - Você deve dar o crédito apropriado , fornecer um link para a licença e indicar se as alterações foram feitas . Você pode fazê-lo de qualquer maneira razoável, mas não de qualquer forma que sugira que o licenciante endossa você ou seu uso.
- Não Comercial - Você não pode usar o material para fins comerciais .
- ShareAlike - Se você remixar, transformar ou construir sobre o material, você deve distribuir suas contribuições sob a mesma licença que o original.
- Sem restrições adicionais - Você não pode aplicar termos legais ou medidas tecnológicas que restrinjam legalmente outros de fazer qualquer coisa que a licença permita.
